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Waste-to-Energy in the Czech Republic
Rajkovič, Jaroslav ; Toman, Filip (referee) ; Lachman, Jakub (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is focused on Waste-to-Energy process of municipal waste in the Czech republic. It describes production of municipal waste in the Czech republic, influence of waste composition on burning process and principle of incineration technology. The largest attention is paid to current Waste-to-Energy plants in the Czech republic and new planned projects. Last part of the thesis evaluates fulfilment of Waste management plan of the Czech republic goals.
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Energy use of waste
Lachman, Jakub ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis deals with the Waste-to-Energy topic. The first part evaluates municipal solid waste (MSW) as fuel, analyzes the influence of its indiviual fractions on the overal properties, mainly the lower heating value, compares MSW with other conventional solid fuels which are thermally used. The second part of the thesis deals with Waste-to-Energy technologies. It is divided into three parts: combustion, pyrolysis and gasification. Each contains both the description of the process itself as well as the description of the applied technology. The last chapter contains some of the negative impacts of Waste-to-Energy technologies and a list of measures used to deal with them.
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Energy use of waste
Hrubý, Radomír ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The content of this work is an evaluation of the Waste-to-Energy technology. The in-troduction describes current position of the Czech Republic on waste management. Including description of individual waste management technologies. The following chapter deals with the use of waste as a fuel for energy purposes. The principle of waste incineration and pyrolysis technology is elaborated here. Further, are discussed the methods of purification of individual components of flue gas. The penultimate chapter is devoted to legislation that affects the ecology of Waste-to-Energy technology and the comparison of emissions of various stationary sources of pollution which are producing energy. In conclusion, there are described facilities for the energy utilization of municipal waste in the Czech Republic, which are supplemented by two facilities from neighboring states.
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Island operation of the waste to energy facility
Doležal, Václav ; Paar, Martin (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is mainly a technological explanation of, be it present-day or potentionally future, possibilities of waste-to-energy facilities technology in Czech Republic and explanation of technological devices used in SAKO Brno institution for successful transition to island mode operation. A significant part is a research on the role of the discussed waste-to-energy facilities during power recovery in distribution network, while taking into consideration the ability to transition to the island mode operation, thanks to which it can hold an important position during the process and the analysis of a possible scenario of black-out, that the waste-to-energy facilities of SAKO Brno company couldn’t cross over to island mode operation, based on the results of the black system event that took place in the year 2013.
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Energy use of waste
Přidal, Milan ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with waste-to-energy topic. The first part is focused on basic informations about waste. Specifically about production, distribution and hieararchy of waste management. The following section describes composition and properties of municipal waste as a fuel. This part also evotes some technologies which are used in facilities for the energy use of waste. Third and fourth chapter shows and compares particular waste-to-energy plants in Czech republic and rest of the world. The goal of final part is to warn about some ecological aspects and try to create their objective view.
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Potential of thermal utilization of waste in the Czech Republic
Studený, Vojtěch ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is discussing the potential of energy use of waste in the Czech republic. First part is describing the current ways of dealing with the waste. The thesis includes description of each procedure and its positive and negative aspects. The next part is dedicated to methods of technical use. Then there are described the basics of heating industry and effect thermal use on the environment. The last part is dealing with theoretical idea of energetic complex for energetic use of waste. The idea itself is based on calculations of the potential of energy in the waste.
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WtE plant carbon footprint
Staňková, Lucie ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Krišpín, Jan (advisor)
The value of the carbon footprint of the WtE plant is necessary for reducing emitted greenhouse gases. In this paper, research on carbon footprint assessment is conducted, while the principles for calculating the carbon footprint according to EN 15978 standard for the sustainability of construction works through the whole life cycle are applied. This methodology is enriched with the technological unit's carbon footprint, including processes The proposed computational model is applied to determine the carbon footprint of the WtE plant Evecont. The main contribution to the carbon footprint of the WtE plant is the use phase due to carbon dioxide in the flue gas. A substantial carbon footprint reduction can be achieved by incorporating technology to capture carbon dioxide from the flue gas (CCS technology). The results achieved for the WtE plant are compared against landfill and heat from the central heat supply system. This work provides a tool that can be applied to other process industry units, allowing the carbon footprint to be calculated in detail and benchmarks to be established for the comparison of new projects.
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Methods of energy treatment of municipal waste
Štork, Martin ; Köbölová, Klaudia (referee) ; Linda, Jakub (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of how to deal with waste in order to obtain as much energy as possible from it. That's why we are dealing with restrictions on landfilling. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we will find the types of waste and their characteristics, as well as the ways in which waste can be worked. In the practical part of the thesis, I try to show how waste could be worked in the future, ideally for a large yield of energy and with minimal air pollution during waste processing. This results in a complete restriction of landfilling.
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Steam turbine for a waste incinerator
Balažovič, Lukáš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis contains the design and comparison of two steam turbines for a waste-to-energy plant. One turbine is single shaft and the second is divided into two parts, high speed and low speed, on two separate shafts. A thermodynamic calculation of the blading of both variants is performed and subsequently evaluated. Furthermore, the axial and radial forces in the turbine are calculated, based on which suitable bearings are selected. At the end of the thesis, a simplified economic comparison is made for the winter operation when the steam goes to the central heating system. In the case of the single shaft turbine, about 10 % of the steam is thwarted in the low pressure section of the turbine, while in the second variant all the steam goes to the heat exchanger. Based on the design, three conceptual drawings are drawn.
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WtE plant carbon footprint
Staňková, Lucie ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Krišpín, Jan (advisor)
The value of the carbon footprint of the WtE plant is necessary for reducing emitted greenhouse gases. In this paper, research on carbon footprint assessment is conducted, while the principles for calculating the carbon footprint according to EN 15978 standard for the sustainability of construction works through the whole life cycle are applied. This methodology is enriched with the technological unit's carbon footprint, including processes The proposed computational model is applied to determine the carbon footprint of the WtE plant Evecont. The main contribution to the carbon footprint of the WtE plant is the use phase due to carbon dioxide in the flue gas. A substantial carbon footprint reduction can be achieved by incorporating technology to capture carbon dioxide from the flue gas (CCS technology). The results achieved for the WtE plant are compared against landfill and heat from the central heat supply system. This work provides a tool that can be applied to other process industry units, allowing the carbon footprint to be calculated in detail and benchmarks to be established for the comparison of new projects.
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